London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom. Situated on the River Thames, it has a history spanning nearly two millennia, having been founded by the Romans around 43 CE under the name Londinium.

• Population and Diversity: Greater London is home to a population of over 9 million people, making it one of the largest metropolitan areas in Europe. It is a deeply multicultural city where over 300 languages are spoken.

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• Economy and Governance: London serves as a major global financial, cultural, and political center. It houses the UK Parliament in the City of Westminster and boasts a historic financial core known as the City of London (the “Square Mile”).

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• Landmarks and Culture: The city features world-renowned historical landmarks, including the Tower of London, Buckingham Palace, the Houses of Parliament (with Big Ben), and St Paul’s Cathedral. It is also home to numerous free public museums and galleries, such as the British Museum, the National Gallery, and the Tate Modern.

• Transportation: London operates the London Underground, affectionately known as the Tube, which opened in 1863 as the world’s oldest underground rapid transit system.

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